Librería Portfolio

Discusses the application of mathematical and engineering tools for modeling, simulation and control oriented for energy systems, power electronics and renewable energy

This book builds on the background knowledge of electrical circuits, control of dc/dc converters and inverters, energy conversion and power electronics. The book shows readers how to apply computational methods for multi-domain simulation of energy systems and power electronics engineering problems. Each chapter has a brief introduction on the theoretical background, a description of the problems to be solved, and objectives to be achieved. Block diagrams, electrical circuits, mathematical analysis or computer code are covered. Each chapter concludes with discussions on what should be learned, suggestions for further studies and even some experimental work.

Discusses the mathematical formulation of system equations for energy systems and power electronics aiming state-space and circuit oriented simulations
Studies the interactions between MATLAB and Simulink models and functions with real-world implementation using microprocessors and microcontrollers
Presents numerical integration techniques, transfer-function modeling, harmonic analysis and power quality performance assessment
Examines existing software such as, MATLAB/Simulink, Power Systems Toolbox and PSIM to simulate power electronic circuits including the use of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar sources



Table of Contents

Foreword xi

Preface xiii

1 Introduction to Electrical Engineering Simulation 1

1.1 Fundamentals of State-Space-Based Modeling 4

1.2 Example of Modeling an Electrical Network 6

1.3 Transfer Function 9

1.3.1 State Space to Transfer Function Conversion 10

1.4 Modeling and Simulation of Energy Systems and Power Electronics 12

1.5 Suggested Problems 18

Further Reading 25

2 Analysis of Electrical Circuits with Mesh and Nodal Analysis 27

2.1 Introduction 27

2.2 Solution of Matrix Equations 28

2.3 Laboratory Project : Mesh and Nodal Analysis of Electrical Circuits with Superposition Theorem 29

2.4 Suggested Problems 37

References 40

Further Reading 40

3 Modeling and Analysis of Electrical Circuits with Block Diagrams 43

3.1 Introduction 43

3.2 Laboratory Project: Transient Response Study and Laplace Transform-Based Analysis Block Diagram Simulation 45

3.3 Comparison with Phasor-Based Steady-State Analysis 52

3.4 Finding the Equivalent Thèvenin 54

3.5 Suggested Problems 56

Further Reading 58

4 Power Electronics: Electrical Circuit-Oriented Simulation 61

4.1 Introduction 61

4.2 Case Study: Half-Wave Rectifier 67

4.3 Laboratory Project: Electrical Circuit Simulation Using PSIM and Simscape Power Systems MATLAB Analysis 72

4.4 Suggested Problems 79

Further Reading 81

5 Designing Power Electronic Control Systems 83

5.1 Introduction 83

5.1.1 Control System Design 85

5.1.2 Proportional-Integral Closed-Loop Control 86

5.2 Laboratory Project: Design of a DC/DC Boost Converter Control 89

5.2.1 Ideal Boost Converter 89

5.2.2 Small Signal Model and Deriving the Transfer Function of Boost Converter 90

5.2.3 Control Block Diagram and Transfer Function 93

5.3 Design of a Type III Compensated Error Amplifier 95

5.3.1 K Method 95

5.3.2 Poles and Zeros Placement in the Type III Amplifier 96

5.4 Controller Design 97

5.5 PSIM Simulation Studies for the DC/DC Boost Converter 99

5.6 Boost Converter: Average Model 99

5.7 Full Circuit for the DC/DC Boost Converter 103

5.8 Laboratory Project: Design of a Discrete Control in MATLAB Corunning with a DC Motor Model in Simulink 107

5.9 Suggested Problems 112

References 116

Further Reading 116

6 Instrumentation and Control Interfaces for Energy Systems and Power Electronics 117

6.1 Introduction 117

6.1.1 Sensors and Transducers for Power Systems Data Acquisition 118

6.2 Passive Electrical Sensors 119

6.2.1 Resistive Sensors 119

6.2.2 Capacitive Sensors 121

6.2.3 Inductive Sensors 123

6.3 Electronic Interface for Computational Data in Power Systems and Instrumentation 125

6.3.1 O perational Amplifiers 125

6.4 Analog Amplifiers for Data Acquisition and Power System Driving 125

6.4.1 Level Detector or Comparator 126

6.4.2 Standard Differential Amplifier for Instrumentation and Control 127

6.4.3 O ptically Isolated Amplifier 128

6.4.4 The V-I Converter of a Single Input and Floating Load 130

6.4.5 Schmitt Trigger Comparator 131

6.4.6 Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO) 131

6.4.7 Phase Shifting 131

6.4.8 Precision Diode, Precision Rectifier, and the Absolute Value Amplifier 134

6.4.9 High-Gain Amplifier with Low-Value Resistors 136

6.4.10 Class B Feedback Push-Pull Amplifiers 137

6.4.11 Triangular Waveform Generator 137

6.4.12 Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) 138

6.5 Laboratory Project: Design a PWM Controller with Error Amplifier 140

6.6 Suggested Problems 140

References 145

7 Modeling Electrical Machines 147

7.1 Introduction to Modeling Electrical Machines 147

7.2 Equivalent Circuit of a Linear Induction Machine Connected to the Network 148

7.3 PSIM Block of a Linear IM Connected to the Distribution Network 150

7.4 PSIM Saturated IM Model Connected to the Distribution Network 152

7.5 Doubly Fed Induction Machine Connected to the Distribution Network 154

7.6 DC Motor Powering the Shaft of a Self-Excited Induction Generator 156

7.7 Modeling a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) 158

7.8 Modeling a Saturated Transformer 158

7.9 Laboratory Project: Transient Response of a Single-Phase Nonideal Transformer for Three Types of Power Supply-Sinusoidal, Square Wave, and SPWM 158

7.10 Suggested Problems 169

References 175

Further Reading 175

8 Stand-Alone and Grid-Connected Inverters 177

8.1 Introduction 177

8.2 Constant Current Control 181

8.3 Constant P-Q Control 182

8.4 Constant P-V Control 183

8.5 IEEE 1547 and Associated Controls 184

8.6 P+Resonant Stationary Frame Control 187

8.7 Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) for Grid Synchronization 188

8.8 Laboratory Project: Simulation of a Grid-Connected/Stand-Alone Inverter 190

8.9 Suggested Problems 197

References 199

Further Reading 201

9 Modeling Alternative Sources of Energy 203

9.1 Electrical Modeling of Alternative Power Plants 203

9.2 Modeling a Photovoltaic Power Plant 204

9.3 Modeling an Induction Generator (IG) 205

9.4 Modeling a SEIG Wind Power Plant 207

9.5 Modeling a DFIG Wind Power Plant 208

9.6 Modeling a PMSG Wind Power Plant 208

9.7 Modeling a Fuel Cell Stack 211

9.8 Modeling a Lead Acid Battery Bank 215

9.9 Modeling an Integrated Power Plant 219

9.10 Suggested Problems 224

References 225

10 Power Quality Analysis 227

10.1 Introduction 227

10.2 Fourier Series 231

10.3 Discrete Fourier Transf