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An accessible introduction to cybersecurity concepts and practices
Cybersecurity Essentials provides a comprehensive introduction to the field, with expert coverage of essential topics required for entry-level cybersecurity certifications. An effective defense consists of four distinct challenges: securing the infrastructure, securing devices, securing local networks, and securing the perimeter. Overcoming these challenges requires a detailed understanding of the concepts and practices within each realm. This book covers each challenge individually for greater depth of information, with real-world scenarios that show what vulnerabilities look like in everyday computing scenarios. Each part concludes with a summary of key concepts, review questions, and hands-on exercises, allowing you to test your understanding while exercising your new critical skills.

Cybersecurity jobs range from basic configuration to advanced systems analysis and defense assessment. This book provides the foundational information you need to understand the basics of the field, identify your place within it, and start down the security certification path.

Learn security and surveillance fundamentals
Secure and protect remote access and devices
Understand network topologies, protocols, and strategies
Identify threats and mount an effective defense
Cybersecurity Essentials gives you the building blocks for an entry level security certification and provides a foundation of cybersecurity knowledge



Introduction xix

PART I SECURING THE INFRASTRUCTURE 1

Chapter 1 Infrastructure Security in the Real World 3

Security Challenges 3

Infrastructure Security Scenario 1 4

Infrastructure Security Scenario 2 6

Summary 8

Chapter 2 Understanding Access-Control and Monitoring Systems 9

A Quick Primer on Infrastructure Security 9

Access Control 12

Security Policies 14

Physical Security Controls 15

Locks and Keys 16

Standard Key-Locking Deadbolts 17

Solenoid-Operated Deadbolt Locks 18

Cipher Locks 19

Access-Control Gates 20

Sliding Gates 20

Swinging Gates 21

Control Relays 21

Authentication Systems 23

Magnetic Stripe Readers 24

Smart Cards 25

RFID Badges 26

Biometric Scanners 27

Remote-Access Monitoring 29

Opened- and Closed-Condition Monitoring 30

Automated Access-Control Systems 32

Hands-On Exercises 33

Discussion 34

Procedure 35

Review Questions 43

Chapter 3 Understanding Video Surveillance Systems 45

Video Surveillance Systems 45

Cameras 46

Hands-On Exercises 60

Discussion 61

Procedure 61

Review Questions 69

Chapter 4 Understanding Intrusion-Detection and Reporting Systems 71

Intrusion-Detection and Reporting Systems 71

Security Controllers 74

Sensors 77

Vehicle-Detection Sensors 82

Fire-Detection Sensors 85

Output Devices 87

Hands-On Exercises 90

Discussion 90

Procedure 92

Review Questions 94

Chapter 5 Infrastructure Security: Review Questions and Hands-On Exercises 97

Summary Points 97

Security Challenge Scenarios 101

Infrastructure Security Scenario 1 101

Infrastructure Security Scenario 2 102

Professional Feedback 102

Review Questions 107

Exam Questions 109

PART II SECURING LOCAL HOSTS 113

Chapter 6 Local Host Security in the Real World 115

Security Challenges 115

Computing Device Security Scenario 1 116

Computing Device Security Scenario 2 117

Summary 120

Chapter 7 Securing Devices 121

The Three Layers of Security 121

Securing Host Devices 123

Securing Outer-Perimeter Portals 124

Additional Inner-Perimeter Access Options 127

Hands-On Exercises 137

Objectives 137

Procedure 137

Review Questions 148

Chapter 8 Protecting the Inner Perimeter 149

The Inner Perimeter 149

Operating Systems 151

Operating System Security Choices 168

Common Operating System Security Tools 169

Using Local Administrative Tools 177

Implementing Data Encryption 182

Hands-On Exercises 188

Objectives 188

Resources 188

Discussion 189

Procedures 190

Tables 200

Lab Questions 201

Chapter 9 Protecting Remote Access 203

Protecting Local Computing Devices 203

Using a Secure Connection 204

Establishing and Using a Firewall 204

Installing and Using Anti-Malware Software 205

Removing Unnecessary Software 205

Disabling Nonessential Services 205

Disabling Unnecessary OS Default Features 205

Securing the Web Browser 205

Applying Updates and Patches 206

Requiring Strong Passwords 206

Implementing Local Protection Tools 206

Software-Based Local Firewalls 207

Using Local Intrusion-Detection Tools 209

Profile-Based Anomaly-Detection Systems 210

Threshold-Based Anomaly-Detection Systems 211

Configuring Browser Security Options 211

Configuring Security Levels 213

Configuring Script Support 214

Defending Against Malicious Software 218

Using Antivirus Programs 220

Using Antispyware 221

Hardening Operating Systems 222

Service Packs 222

Patches 222

Updates 223

Overseeing Application Software Security 223

Software Exploitation 223

Applying Software Updates and Patches 224

Hands-On Exercises 225

Objectives 225

Resources 225

Discussion 225

Procedures 226

Tables 241

Lab Questions 242

Chapter 10 Local Host Security: Review Questions and Hands-On Exercises 243

Summary Points 243

Security Challenge Scenarios 248

Computing Device Security Scenario 1 248

Computing Device Security Scenario 2 248

Professional Feedback 248

Review Questions 257

Exam Questions 259

PART III SECURING LOCAL NETWORKS 263

Chapter 11 Local Network Security in the Real World 265

Security Challenges 266

Local Network Security Scenario 1 266

Local Network Security Scenario 2 270

Summary 272

Chapter 12 Networking Basics 273

Understanding the Basics of Networking 273

Campus Area Networks or Corporate Area Networks (CANs) 274

Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) 274

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) 274

Storage Area Networks (SANs) 274

The OSI Networking Model 275

Layer 1: Physical 276

Layer 2: Data Link 276

Layer 3: Network 276

Layer 4: Transport 276

Layer 5: Session 276

Layer 6: Presentation 277

Layer 7: Application 277

Data Transmission Packets 277

OSI Layer Security 278

Network Topologies 280

Bus Topology 280

Ring Topology 280

Star Topology 281

Mesh Topology 282

Logical Topologies 282

Hands-On Exercises 283

Objectives 283

Resources 283

Discussion 283

Procedure 284

Lab Questions 295

Lab Answers 295

Chapter 13 Understanding Networking Protocols 297

The Basics of Networking Protocols 297

MAC Addresses 298

TCP/IP 299

Ethernet 309

Network Control Strategies 311

Hands-On Exercises 313

Objectives 313

Discussion 313

Procedures 314

Lab Questions 325

Lab Answers 326

Chapte